Dataset statistics
| Number of variables | 12 |
|---|---|
| Number of observations | 2035 |
| Missing cells | 294 |
| Missing cells (%) | 1.2% |
| Duplicate rows | 0 |
| Duplicate rows (%) | 0.0% |
| Total size in memory | 190.9 KiB |
| Average record size in memory | 96.1 B |
Variable types
| Numeric | 9 |
|---|---|
| Categorical | 3 |
Country name has a high cardinality: 149 distinct values | High cardinality |
Ladder score is highly correlated with Log GDP per capita and 3 other fields | High correlation |
Log GDP per capita is highly correlated with Ladder score and 2 other fields | High correlation |
Healthy life expectancy is highly correlated with Ladder score and 2 other fields | High correlation |
Social support is highly correlated with Ladder score and 2 other fields | High correlation |
Freedom to make life choices is highly correlated with Ladder score | High correlation |
Ladder score is highly correlated with Log GDP per capita and 3 other fields | High correlation |
Log GDP per capita is highly correlated with Ladder score and 2 other fields | High correlation |
Healthy life expectancy is highly correlated with Ladder score and 2 other fields | High correlation |
Social support is highly correlated with Ladder score and 2 other fields | High correlation |
Freedom to make life choices is highly correlated with Ladder score | High correlation |
Ladder score is highly correlated with Log GDP per capita and 2 other fields | High correlation |
Log GDP per capita is highly correlated with Ladder score and 2 other fields | High correlation |
Healthy life expectancy is highly correlated with Ladder score and 1 other fields | High correlation |
Social support is highly correlated with Ladder score and 1 other fields | High correlation |
Ladder score is highly correlated with Healthy life expectancy and 5 other fields | High correlation |
Year is highly correlated with df_index and 1 other fields | High correlation |
df_index is highly correlated with Year and 3 other fields | High correlation |
Healthy life expectancy is highly correlated with Ladder score and 5 other fields | High correlation |
Freedom to make life choices is highly correlated with Ladder score and 5 other fields | High correlation |
Generosity is highly correlated with Log GDP per capita and 1 other fields | High correlation |
Log GDP per capita is highly correlated with Ladder score and 7 other fields | High correlation |
COVID time is highly correlated with Year and 1 other fields | High correlation |
Regional indicator is highly correlated with Ladder score and 7 other fields | High correlation |
Social support is highly correlated with Ladder score and 4 other fields | High correlation |
Perceptions of corruption is highly correlated with Ladder score and 4 other fields | High correlation |
Log GDP per capita has 24 (1.2%) missing values | Missing |
Healthy life expectancy has 51 (2.5%) missing values | Missing |
Freedom to make life choices has 30 (1.5%) missing values | Missing |
Generosity has 76 (3.7%) missing values | Missing |
Perceptions of corruption has 104 (5.1%) missing values | Missing |
df_index is uniformly distributed | Uniform |
Country name is uniformly distributed | Uniform |
df_index has unique values | Unique |
Reproduction
| Analysis started | 2021-07-11 01:04:20.317895 |
|---|---|
| Analysis finished | 2021-07-11 01:05:11.426300 |
| Duration | 51.11 seconds |
| Software version | pandas-profiling v3.0.0 |
| Download configuration | config.json |
| Distinct | 2035 |
|---|---|
| Distinct (%) | 100.0% |
| Missing | 0 |
| Missing (%) | 0.0% |
| Infinite | 0 |
| Infinite (%) | 0.0% |
| Mean | 1017 |
| Minimum | 0 |
|---|---|
| Maximum | 2034 |
| Zeros | 1 |
| Zeros (%) | < 0.1% |
| Negative | 0 |
| Negative (%) | 0.0% |
| Memory size | 16.0 KiB |
Quantile statistics
| Minimum | 0 |
|---|---|
| 5-th percentile | 101.7 |
| Q1 | 508.5 |
| median | 1017 |
| Q3 | 1525.5 |
| 95-th percentile | 1932.3 |
| Maximum | 2034 |
| Range | 2034 |
| Interquartile range (IQR) | 1017 |
Descriptive statistics
| Standard deviation | 587.5982187 |
|---|---|
| Coefficient of variation (CV) | 0.5777760263 |
| Kurtosis | -1.2 |
| Mean | 1017 |
| Median Absolute Deviation (MAD) | 509 |
| Skewness | 0 |
| Sum | 2069595 |
| Variance | 345271.6667 |
| Monotonicity | Not monotonic |
Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 0 | 1 | < 0.1% |
| 669 | 1 | < 0.1% |
| 695 | 1 | < 0.1% |
| 693 | 1 | < 0.1% |
| 691 | 1 | < 0.1% |
| 689 | 1 | < 0.1% |
| 687 | 1 | < 0.1% |
| 685 | 1 | < 0.1% |
| 683 | 1 | < 0.1% |
| 681 | 1 | < 0.1% |
| Other values (2025) | 2025 |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 0 | 1 | |
| 1 | 1 | |
| 2 | 1 | |
| 3 | 1 | |
| 4 | 1 | |
| 5 | 1 | |
| 6 | 1 | |
| 7 | 1 | |
| 8 | 1 | |
| 9 | 1 |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 2034 | 1 | |
| 2033 | 1 | |
| 2032 | 1 | |
| 2031 | 1 | |
| 2030 | 1 | |
| 2029 | 1 | |
| 2028 | 1 | |
| 2027 | 1 | |
| 2026 | 1 | |
| 2025 | 1 |
| Distinct | 149 |
|---|---|
| Distinct (%) | 7.3% |
| Missing | 0 |
| Missing (%) | 0.0% |
| Memory size | 16.0 KiB |
| Ghana | 16 |
|---|---|
| Zimbabwe | 16 |
| Japan | 16 |
| El Salvador | 16 |
| Colombia | 16 |
| Other values (144) |
Length
| Max length | 25 |
|---|---|
| Median length | 7 |
| Mean length | 8.274692875 |
| Min length | 4 |
Characters and Unicode
| Total characters | 16839 |
|---|---|
| Distinct characters | 52 |
| Distinct categories | 6 ? |
| Distinct scripts | 2 ? |
| Distinct blocks | 1 ? |
The Unicode Standard assigns character properties to each code point, which can be used to analyse textual variables.
Unique
| Unique | 0 ? |
|---|---|
| Unique (%) | 0.0% |
Sample
| 1st row | Afghanistan |
|---|---|
| 2nd row | Afghanistan |
| 3rd row | Afghanistan |
| 4th row | Afghanistan |
| 5th row | Afghanistan |
Common Values
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| Ghana | 16 | 0.8% |
| Zimbabwe | 16 | 0.8% |
| Japan | 16 | 0.8% |
| El Salvador | 16 | 0.8% |
| Colombia | 16 | 0.8% |
| Israel | 16 | 0.8% |
| Uruguay | 16 | 0.8% |
| Kazakhstan | 16 | 0.8% |
| Mexico | 16 | 0.8% |
| Kyrgyzstan | 16 | 0.8% |
| Other values (139) | 1875 |
Length
Histogram of lengths of the category
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| united | 46 | 1.9% |
| china | 42 | 1.7% |
| south | 32 | 1.3% |
| republic | 29 | 1.2% |
| of | 26 | 1.1% |
| cyprus | 22 | 0.9% |
| north | 22 | 0.9% |
| cambodia | 16 | 0.7% |
| argentina | 16 | 0.7% |
| cameroon | 16 | 0.7% |
| Other values (159) | 2168 |
Most occurring characters
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| a | 2629 | |
| i | 1484 | 8.8% |
| n | 1363 | 8.1% |
| e | 1145 | 6.8% |
| r | 984 | 5.8% |
| o | 933 | 5.5% |
| t | 610 | 3.6% |
| l | 608 | 3.6% |
| u | 521 | 3.1% |
| s | 518 | 3.1% |
| Other values (42) | 6044 |
Most occurring categories
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| Lowercase Letter | 13962 | |
| Uppercase Letter | 2419 | 14.4% |
| Space Separator | 400 | 2.4% |
| Other Punctuation | 36 | 0.2% |
| Open Punctuation | 11 | 0.1% |
| Close Punctuation | 11 | 0.1% |
Most frequent character per category
Lowercase Letter
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| a | 2629 | |
| i | 1484 | |
| n | 1363 | |
| e | 1145 | 8.2% |
| r | 984 | 7.0% |
| o | 933 | 6.7% |
| t | 610 | 4.4% |
| l | 608 | 4.4% |
| u | 521 | 3.7% |
| s | 518 | 3.7% |
| Other values (16) | 3167 |
Uppercase Letter
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| S | 236 | 9.8% |
| C | 229 | 9.5% |
| M | 193 | 8.0% |
| B | 174 | 7.2% |
| A | 169 | 7.0% |
| P | 133 | 5.5% |
| N | 129 | 5.3% |
| T | 127 | 5.3% |
| I | 124 | 5.1% |
| K | 119 | 4.9% |
| Other values (12) | 786 |
Space Separator
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 400 |
Open Punctuation
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| ( | 11 |
Close Punctuation
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| ) | 11 |
Other Punctuation
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| . | 36 |
Most occurring scripts
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| Latin | 16381 | |
| Common | 458 | 2.7% |
Most frequent character per script
Latin
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| a | 2629 | |
| i | 1484 | 9.1% |
| n | 1363 | 8.3% |
| e | 1145 | 7.0% |
| r | 984 | 6.0% |
| o | 933 | 5.7% |
| t | 610 | 3.7% |
| l | 608 | 3.7% |
| u | 521 | 3.2% |
| s | 518 | 3.2% |
| Other values (38) | 5586 |
Common
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 400 | ||
| . | 36 | 7.9% |
| ( | 11 | 2.4% |
| ) | 11 | 2.4% |
Most occurring blocks
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| ASCII | 16839 |
Most frequent character per block
ASCII
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| a | 2629 | |
| i | 1484 | 8.8% |
| n | 1363 | 8.1% |
| e | 1145 | 6.8% |
| r | 984 | 5.8% |
| o | 933 | 5.5% |
| t | 610 | 3.6% |
| l | 608 | 3.6% |
| u | 521 | 3.1% |
| s | 518 | 3.1% |
| Other values (42) | 6044 |
| Distinct | 10 |
|---|---|
| Distinct (%) | 0.5% |
| Missing | 0 |
| Missing (%) | 0.0% |
| Memory size | 16.0 KiB |
| Sub-Saharan Africa | |
|---|---|
| Latin America and Caribbean | |
| Western Europe | |
| Central and Eastern Europe | |
| Middle East and North Africa | |
| Other values (5) |
Length
| Max length | 34 |
|---|---|
| Median length | 18 |
| Mean length | 21.34987715 |
| Min length | 9 |
Characters and Unicode
| Total characters | 43447 |
|---|---|
| Distinct characters | 30 |
| Distinct categories | 4 ? |
| Distinct scripts | 2 ? |
| Distinct blocks | 1 ? |
The Unicode Standard assigns character properties to each code point, which can be used to analyse textual variables.
Unique
| Unique | 0 ? |
|---|---|
| Unique (%) | 0.0% |
Sample
| 1st row | South Asia |
|---|---|
| 2nd row | South Asia |
| 3rd row | South Asia |
| 4th row | South Asia |
| 5th row | South Asia |
Common Values
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| Sub-Saharan Africa | 426 | |
| Latin America and Caribbean | 299 | |
| Western Europe | 292 | |
| Central and Eastern Europe | 242 | |
| Middle East and North Africa | 228 | |
| Commonwealth of Independent States | 182 | |
| Southeast Asia | 125 | 6.1% |
| South Asia | 91 | 4.5% |
| East Asia | 88 | 4.3% |
| North America and ANZ | 62 | 3.0% |
Length
Histogram of lengths of the category
Pie chart
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| and | 831 | |
| africa | 654 | 10.3% |
| europe | 534 | 8.4% |
| sub-saharan | 426 | 6.7% |
| america | 361 | 5.7% |
| east | 316 | 5.0% |
| asia | 304 | 4.8% |
| caribbean | 299 | 4.7% |
| latin | 299 | 4.7% |
| western | 292 | 4.6% |
| Other values (11) | 2008 |
Most occurring characters
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| a | 5614 | |
| 4289 | 9.9% | |
| e | 3525 | 8.1% |
| n | 3359 | 7.7% |
| r | 3340 | 7.7% |
| t | 2750 | 6.3% |
| i | 2145 | 4.9% |
| d | 1651 | 3.8% |
| o | 1586 | 3.7% |
| s | 1461 | 3.4% |
| Other values (20) | 13727 |
Most occurring categories
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| Lowercase Letter | 32871 | |
| Uppercase Letter | 5861 | 13.5% |
| Space Separator | 4289 | 9.9% |
| Dash Punctuation | 426 | 1.0% |
Most frequent character per category
Lowercase Letter
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| a | 5614 | |
| e | 3525 | |
| n | 3359 | |
| r | 3340 | |
| t | 2750 | |
| i | 2145 | 6.5% |
| d | 1651 | 5.0% |
| o | 1586 | 4.8% |
| s | 1461 | 4.4% |
| u | 1176 | 3.6% |
| Other values (8) | 6264 |
Uppercase Letter
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| A | 1381 | |
| S | 1250 | |
| E | 1092 | |
| C | 723 | |
| N | 352 | 6.0% |
| L | 299 | 5.1% |
| W | 292 | 5.0% |
| M | 228 | 3.9% |
| I | 182 | 3.1% |
| Z | 62 | 1.1% |
Space Separator
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 4289 |
Dash Punctuation
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| - | 426 |
Most occurring scripts
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| Latin | 38732 | |
| Common | 4715 | 10.9% |
Most frequent character per script
Latin
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| a | 5614 | |
| e | 3525 | 9.1% |
| n | 3359 | 8.7% |
| r | 3340 | 8.6% |
| t | 2750 | 7.1% |
| i | 2145 | 5.5% |
| d | 1651 | 4.3% |
| o | 1586 | 4.1% |
| s | 1461 | 3.8% |
| A | 1381 | 3.6% |
| Other values (18) | 11920 |
Common
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 4289 | ||
| - | 426 | 9.0% |
Most occurring blocks
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| ASCII | 43447 |
Most frequent character per block
ASCII
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| a | 5614 | |
| 4289 | 9.9% | |
| e | 3525 | 8.1% |
| n | 3359 | 7.7% |
| r | 3340 | 7.7% |
| t | 2750 | 6.3% |
| i | 2145 | 4.9% |
| d | 1651 | 3.8% |
| o | 1586 | 3.7% |
| s | 1461 | 3.4% |
| Other values (20) | 13727 |
| Distinct | 17 |
|---|---|
| Distinct (%) | 0.8% |
| Missing | 0 |
| Missing (%) | 0.0% |
| Infinite | 0 |
| Infinite (%) | 0.0% |
| Mean | 2013.826536 |
| Minimum | 2005 |
|---|---|
| Maximum | 2021 |
| Zeros | 0 |
| Zeros (%) | 0.0% |
| Negative | 0 |
| Negative (%) | 0.0% |
| Memory size | 16.0 KiB |
Quantile statistics
| Minimum | 2005 |
|---|---|
| 5-th percentile | 2006 |
| Q1 | 2010 |
| median | 2014 |
| Q3 | 2018 |
| 95-th percentile | 2021 |
| Maximum | 2021 |
| Range | 16 |
| Interquartile range (IQR) | 8 |
Descriptive statistics
| Standard deviation | 4.514249649 |
|---|---|
| Coefficient of variation (CV) | 0.002241627851 |
| Kurtosis | -1.081594923 |
| Mean | 2013.826536 |
| Median Absolute Deviation (MAD) | 4 |
| Skewness | -0.1168037387 |
| Sum | 4098137 |
| Variance | 20.37844989 |
| Monotonicity | Not monotonic |
Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=17)
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 2021 | 149 | 7.3% |
| 2019 | 144 | 7.1% |
| 2017 | 143 | 7.0% |
| 2018 | 142 | 7.0% |
| 2014 | 138 | 6.8% |
| 2016 | 138 | 6.8% |
| 2015 | 137 | 6.7% |
| 2011 | 136 | 6.7% |
| 2012 | 135 | 6.6% |
| 2013 | 132 | 6.5% |
| Other values (7) | 641 |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 2005 | 27 | 1.3% |
| 2006 | 87 | |
| 2007 | 99 | |
| 2008 | 107 | |
| 2009 | 108 | |
| 2010 | 118 | |
| 2011 | 136 | |
| 2012 | 135 | |
| 2013 | 132 | |
| 2014 | 138 |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 2021 | 149 | |
| 2020 | 95 | |
| 2019 | 144 | |
| 2018 | 142 | |
| 2017 | 143 | |
| 2016 | 138 | |
| 2015 | 137 | |
| 2014 | 138 | |
| 2013 | 132 | |
| 2012 | 135 |
| Distinct | 1601 |
|---|---|
| Distinct (%) | 78.7% |
| Missing | 0 |
| Missing (%) | 0.0% |
| Infinite | 0 |
| Infinite (%) | 0.0% |
| Mean | 5.490948403 |
| Minimum | 2.375 |
|---|---|
| Maximum | 8.019 |
| Zeros | 0 |
| Zeros (%) | 0.0% |
| Negative | 0 |
| Negative (%) | 0.0% |
| Memory size | 16.0 KiB |
Quantile statistics
| Minimum | 2.375 |
|---|---|
| 5-th percentile | 3.7142 |
| Q1 | 4.669 |
| median | 5.42 |
| Q3 | 6.298 |
| 95-th percentile | 7.3871 |
| Maximum | 8.019 |
| Range | 5.644 |
| Interquartile range (IQR) | 1.629 |
Descriptive statistics
| Standard deviation | 1.107522756 |
|---|---|
| Coefficient of variation (CV) | 0.2016997202 |
| Kurtosis | -0.6845532752 |
| Mean | 5.490948403 |
| Median Absolute Deviation (MAD) | 0.803 |
| Skewness | 0.06105199064 |
| Sum | 11174.08 |
| Variance | 1.226606656 |
| Monotonicity | Not monotonic |
Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 5.252 | 5 | 0.2% |
| 5.786 | 4 | 0.2% |
| 6.309 | 4 | 0.2% |
| 5.84 | 4 | 0.2% |
| 5.074 | 4 | 0.2% |
| 6.69 | 4 | 0.2% |
| 4.741 | 4 | 0.2% |
| 5.304 | 4 | 0.2% |
| 6.561 | 4 | 0.2% |
| 4.574 | 4 | 0.2% |
| Other values (1591) | 1994 |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 2.375 | 1 | |
| 2.523 | 1 | |
| 2.662 | 1 | |
| 2.694 | 2 | |
| 2.702 | 1 | |
| 2.808 | 1 | |
| 2.839 | 1 | |
| 2.903 | 1 | |
| 2.905 | 1 | |
| 2.936 | 1 |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 8.019 | 1 | |
| 7.971 | 1 | |
| 7.889 | 1 | |
| 7.858 | 1 | |
| 7.842 | 1 | |
| 7.834 | 1 | |
| 7.788 | 2 | |
| 7.78 | 1 | |
| 7.776 | 1 | |
| 7.771 | 1 |
Log GDP per capita
Real number (ℝ≥0)
HIGH CORRELATIONHIGH CORRELATIONHIGH CORRELATIONHIGH CORRELATIONMISSING| Distinct | 1544 |
|---|---|
| Distinct (%) | 76.8% |
| Missing | 24 |
| Missing (%) | 1.2% |
| Infinite | 0 |
| Infinite (%) | 0.0% |
| Mean | 9.391096469 |
| Minimum | 6.635 |
|---|---|
| Maximum | 11.648 |
| Zeros | 0 |
| Zeros (%) | 0.0% |
| Negative | 0 |
| Negative (%) | 0.0% |
| Memory size | 16.0 KiB |
Quantile statistics
| Minimum | 6.635 |
|---|---|
| 5-th percentile | 7.405 |
| Q1 | 8.484 |
| median | 9.487 |
| Q3 | 10.3705 |
| 95-th percentile | 10.9285 |
| Maximum | 11.648 |
| Range | 5.013 |
| Interquartile range (IQR) | 1.8865 |
Descriptive statistics
| Standard deviation | 1.141128578 |
|---|---|
| Coefficient of variation (CV) | 0.1215117512 |
| Kurtosis | -0.8678665426 |
| Mean | 9.391096469 |
| Median Absolute Deviation (MAD) | 0.946 |
| Skewness | -0.3220532555 |
| Sum | 18885.495 |
| Variance | 1.302174431 |
| Monotonicity | Not monotonic |
Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 10.546 | 5 | 0.2% |
| 9.607 | 4 | 0.2% |
| 10.861 | 4 | 0.2% |
| 9.262 | 4 | 0.2% |
| 7.926 | 4 | 0.2% |
| 9.569 | 4 | 0.2% |
| 9.186 | 4 | 0.2% |
| 9.782 | 4 | 0.2% |
| 9.24 | 4 | 0.2% |
| 10.166 | 4 | 0.2% |
| Other values (1534) | 1970 | |
| (Missing) | 24 | 1.2% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 6.635 | 2 | |
| 6.678 | 1 | |
| 6.719 | 1 | |
| 6.723 | 1 | |
| 6.742 | 1 | |
| 6.748 | 1 | |
| 6.776 | 1 | |
| 6.787 | 1 | |
| 6.823 | 1 | |
| 6.838 | 1 |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 11.648 | 1 | |
| 11.647 | 1 | |
| 11.645 | 1 | |
| 11.64 | 1 | |
| 11.634 | 1 | |
| 11.617 | 1 | |
| 11.598 | 1 | |
| 11.595 | 1 | |
| 11.592 | 1 | |
| 11.58 | 1 |
Healthy life expectancy
Real number (ℝ≥0)
HIGH CORRELATIONHIGH CORRELATIONHIGH CORRELATIONHIGH CORRELATIONMISSING| Distinct | 890 |
|---|---|
| Distinct (%) | 44.9% |
| Missing | 51 |
| Missing (%) | 2.5% |
| Infinite | 0 |
| Infinite (%) | 0.0% |
| Mean | 63.6952122 |
| Minimum | 32.3 |
|---|---|
| Maximum | 77.1 |
| Zeros | 0 |
| Zeros (%) | 0.0% |
| Negative | 0 |
| Negative (%) | 0.0% |
| Memory size | 16.0 KiB |
Quantile statistics
| Minimum | 32.3 |
|---|---|
| 5-th percentile | 49.266 |
| Q1 | 59.18 |
| median | 65.4 |
| Q3 | 68.8 |
| 95-th percentile | 73.1 |
| Maximum | 77.1 |
| Range | 44.8 |
| Interquartile range (IQR) | 9.62 |
Descriptive statistics
| Standard deviation | 7.376080279 |
|---|---|
| Coefficient of variation (CV) | 0.1158027429 |
| Kurtosis | 0.04337824949 |
| Mean | 63.6952122 |
| Median Absolute Deviation (MAD) | 4.76 |
| Skewness | -0.7703262842 |
| Sum | 126371.301 |
| Variance | 54.40656028 |
| Monotonicity | Not monotonic |
Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 72.2 | 16 | 0.8% |
| 73 | 15 | 0.7% |
| 66.4 | 14 | 0.7% |
| 72.4 | 14 | 0.7% |
| 72.6 | 14 | 0.7% |
| 67.2 | 14 | 0.7% |
| 66.6 | 13 | 0.6% |
| 65.2 | 12 | 0.6% |
| 66.3 | 12 | 0.6% |
| 66.8 | 12 | 0.6% |
| Other values (880) | 1848 | |
| (Missing) | 51 | 2.5% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 32.3 | 1 | |
| 36.86 | 1 | |
| 40.3 | 1 | |
| 40.38 | 1 | |
| 40.808 | 1 | |
| 41.2 | 1 | |
| 41.42 | 1 | |
| 41.58 | 1 | |
| 42.1 | 1 | |
| 42.86 | 1 |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 77.1 | 1 | |
| 76.953 | 1 | |
| 76.82 | 1 | |
| 76.8 | 1 | |
| 76.5 | 1 | |
| 76.2 | 1 | |
| 75.9 | 1 | |
| 75.68 | 1 | |
| 75.46 | 1 | |
| 75.2 | 1 |
Social support
Real number (ℝ≥0)
HIGH CORRELATIONHIGH CORRELATIONHIGH CORRELATIONHIGH CORRELATION| Distinct | 450 |
|---|---|
| Distinct (%) | 22.2% |
| Missing | 9 |
| Missing (%) | 0.4% |
| Infinite | 0 |
| Infinite (%) | 0.0% |
| Mean | 0.814958539 |
| Minimum | 0.291 |
|---|---|
| Maximum | 0.987 |
| Zeros | 0 |
| Zeros (%) | 0.0% |
| Negative | 0 |
| Negative (%) | 0.0% |
| Memory size | 16.0 KiB |
Quantile statistics
| Minimum | 0.291 |
|---|---|
| 5-th percentile | 0.577 |
| Q1 | 0.751 |
| median | 0.836 |
| Q3 | 0.90675 |
| 95-th percentile | 0.951 |
| Maximum | 0.987 |
| Range | 0.696 |
| Interquartile range (IQR) | 0.15575 |
Descriptive statistics
| Standard deviation | 0.1161247148 |
|---|---|
| Coefficient of variation (CV) | 0.1424915615 |
| Kurtosis | 1.007588025 |
| Mean | 0.814958539 |
| Median Absolute Deviation (MAD) | 0.075 |
| Skewness | -1.068720604 |
| Sum | 1651.106 |
| Variance | 0.01348494939 |
| Monotonicity | Not monotonic |
Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 0.818 | 15 | 0.7% |
| 0.937 | 15 | 0.7% |
| 0.878 | 14 | 0.7% |
| 0.91 | 14 | 0.7% |
| 0.954 | 14 | 0.7% |
| 0.917 | 14 | 0.7% |
| 0.832 | 14 | 0.7% |
| 0.909 | 14 | 0.7% |
| 0.931 | 13 | 0.6% |
| 0.827 | 13 | 0.6% |
| Other values (440) | 1886 |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 0.291 | 2 | |
| 0.303 | 1 | |
| 0.326 | 1 | |
| 0.373 | 1 | |
| 0.382 | 1 | |
| 0.42 | 1 | |
| 0.422 | 1 | |
| 0.434 | 1 | |
| 0.435 | 1 | |
| 0.436 | 1 |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 0.987 | 1 | < 0.1% |
| 0.985 | 1 | < 0.1% |
| 0.984 | 1 | < 0.1% |
| 0.983 | 4 | |
| 0.982 | 2 | |
| 0.98 | 1 | < 0.1% |
| 0.979 | 2 | |
| 0.977 | 2 | |
| 0.976 | 1 | < 0.1% |
| 0.975 | 1 | < 0.1% |
Freedom to make life choices
Real number (ℝ≥0)
HIGH CORRELATIONHIGH CORRELATIONHIGH CORRELATIONMISSING| Distinct | 533 |
|---|---|
| Distinct (%) | 26.6% |
| Missing | 30 |
| Missing (%) | 1.5% |
| Infinite | 0 |
| Infinite (%) | 0.0% |
| Mean | 0.7482693267 |
| Minimum | 0.258 |
|---|---|
| Maximum | 0.985 |
| Zeros | 0 |
| Zeros (%) | 0.0% |
| Negative | 0 |
| Negative (%) | 0.0% |
| Memory size | 16.0 KiB |
Quantile statistics
| Minimum | 0.258 |
|---|---|
| 5-th percentile | 0.487 |
| Q1 | 0.656 |
| median | 0.769 |
| Q3 | 0.861 |
| 95-th percentile | 0.936 |
| Maximum | 0.985 |
| Range | 0.727 |
| Interquartile range (IQR) | 0.205 |
Descriptive statistics
| Standard deviation | 0.1392889173 |
|---|---|
| Coefficient of variation (CV) | 0.1861481051 |
| Kurtosis | -0.05130860423 |
| Mean | 0.7482693267 |
| Median Absolute Deviation (MAD) | 0.102 |
| Skewness | -0.6477172894 |
| Sum | 1500.28 |
| Variance | 0.01940140248 |
| Monotonicity | Not monotonic |
Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 0.882 | 11 | 0.5% |
| 0.749 | 10 | 0.5% |
| 0.817 | 10 | 0.5% |
| 0.891 | 10 | 0.5% |
| 0.904 | 10 | 0.5% |
| 0.783 | 10 | 0.5% |
| 0.935 | 10 | 0.5% |
| 0.824 | 10 | 0.5% |
| 0.877 | 10 | 0.5% |
| 0.838 | 9 | 0.4% |
| Other values (523) | 1905 | |
| (Missing) | 30 | 1.5% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 0.258 | 1 | |
| 0.26 | 1 | |
| 0.287 | 1 | |
| 0.295 | 1 | |
| 0.304 | 1 | |
| 0.306 | 1 | |
| 0.315 | 1 | |
| 0.332 | 1 | |
| 0.333 | 1 | |
| 0.335 | 1 |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 0.985 | 1 | < 0.1% |
| 0.984 | 1 | < 0.1% |
| 0.98 | 1 | < 0.1% |
| 0.971 | 1 | < 0.1% |
| 0.97 | 4 | |
| 0.969 | 1 | < 0.1% |
| 0.965 | 1 | < 0.1% |
| 0.964 | 2 | |
| 0.963 | 2 | |
| 0.962 | 4 |
| Distinct | 613 |
|---|---|
| Distinct (%) | 31.3% |
| Missing | 76 |
| Missing (%) | 3.7% |
| Infinite | 0 |
| Infinite (%) | 0.0% |
| Mean | -0.002345584482 |
| Minimum | -0.335 |
|---|---|
| Maximum | 0.698 |
| Zeros | 3 |
| Zeros (%) | 0.1% |
| Negative | 1120 |
| Negative (%) | 55.0% |
| Memory size | 16.0 KiB |
Quantile statistics
| Minimum | -0.335 |
|---|---|
| 5-th percentile | -0.228 |
| Q1 | -0.117 |
| median | -0.029 |
| Q3 | 0.089 |
| 95-th percentile | 0.3022 |
| Maximum | 0.698 |
| Range | 1.033 |
| Interquartile range (IQR) | 0.206 |
Descriptive statistics
| Standard deviation | 0.1622571652 |
|---|---|
| Coefficient of variation (CV) | -69.17557925 |
| Kurtosis | 0.892332942 |
| Mean | -0.002345584482 |
| Median Absolute Deviation (MAD) | 0.102 |
| Skewness | 0.834767301 |
| Sum | -4.595 |
| Variance | 0.02632738766 |
| Monotonicity | Not monotonic |
Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| -0.055 | 13 | 0.6% |
| -0.016 | 10 | 0.5% |
| -0.104 | 10 | 0.5% |
| -0.03 | 10 | 0.5% |
| 0.018 | 10 | 0.5% |
| -0.101 | 9 | 0.4% |
| -0.071 | 9 | 0.4% |
| -0.147 | 9 | 0.4% |
| -0.07 | 9 | 0.4% |
| -0.009 | 9 | 0.4% |
| Other values (603) | 1861 | |
| (Missing) | 76 | 3.7% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| -0.335 | 1 | |
| -0.316 | 1 | |
| -0.307 | 1 | |
| -0.305 | 2 | |
| -0.303 | 2 | |
| -0.296 | 1 | |
| -0.295 | 1 | |
| -0.293 | 2 | |
| -0.292 | 1 | |
| -0.29 | 1 |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 0.698 | 1 | |
| 0.689 | 1 | |
| 0.688 | 1 | |
| 0.679 | 1 | |
| 0.65 | 1 | |
| 0.645 | 1 | |
| 0.561 | 1 | |
| 0.555 | 1 | |
| 0.553 | 1 | |
| 0.542 | 1 |
| Distinct | 588 |
|---|---|
| Distinct (%) | 30.5% |
| Missing | 104 |
| Missing (%) | 5.1% |
| Infinite | 0 |
| Infinite (%) | 0.0% |
| Mean | 0.7462770585 |
| Minimum | 0.035 |
|---|---|
| Maximum | 0.983 |
| Zeros | 0 |
| Zeros (%) | 0.0% |
| Negative | 0 |
| Negative (%) | 0.0% |
| Memory size | 16.0 KiB |
Quantile statistics
| Minimum | 0.035 |
|---|---|
| 5-th percentile | 0.309 |
| Q1 | 0.69 |
| median | 0.801 |
| Q3 | 0.87 |
| 95-th percentile | 0.941 |
| Maximum | 0.983 |
| Range | 0.948 |
| Interquartile range (IQR) | 0.18 |
Descriptive statistics
| Standard deviation | 0.1867596593 |
|---|---|
| Coefficient of variation (CV) | 0.250255126 |
| Kurtosis | 1.877472058 |
| Mean | 0.7462770585 |
| Median Absolute Deviation (MAD) | 0.085 |
| Skewness | -1.507630876 |
| Sum | 1441.061 |
| Variance | 0.03487917035 |
| Monotonicity | Not monotonic |
Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 0.844 | 15 | 0.7% |
| 0.755 | 13 | 0.6% |
| 0.868 | 13 | 0.6% |
| 0.848 | 13 | 0.6% |
| 0.841 | 13 | 0.6% |
| 0.898 | 12 | 0.6% |
| 0.884 | 11 | 0.5% |
| 0.863 | 11 | 0.5% |
| 0.856 | 11 | 0.5% |
| 0.855 | 11 | 0.5% |
| Other values (578) | 1808 | |
| (Missing) | 104 | 5.1% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 0.035 | 1 | |
| 0.047 | 1 | |
| 0.06 | 1 | |
| 0.064 | 1 | |
| 0.066 | 1 | |
| 0.07 | 1 | |
| 0.078 | 1 | |
| 0.081 | 1 | |
| 0.082 | 1 | |
| 0.095 | 1 |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 0.983 | 2 | |
| 0.979 | 1 | < 0.1% |
| 0.977 | 2 | |
| 0.976 | 2 | |
| 0.974 | 1 | < 0.1% |
| 0.973 | 2 | |
| 0.97 | 2 | |
| 0.969 | 1 | < 0.1% |
| 0.968 | 3 | |
| 0.967 | 3 |
| Distinct | 2 |
|---|---|
| Distinct (%) | 0.1% |
| Missing | 0 |
| Missing (%) | 0.0% |
| Memory size | 16.0 KiB |
| Pre-COVID | |
|---|---|
| Post-COVID |
Length
| Max length | 10 |
|---|---|
| Median length | 9 |
| Mean length | 9.11990172 |
| Min length | 9 |
Characters and Unicode
| Total characters | 18559 |
|---|---|
| Distinct characters | 12 |
| Distinct categories | 3 ? |
| Distinct scripts | 2 ? |
| Distinct blocks | 1 ? |
The Unicode Standard assigns character properties to each code point, which can be used to analyse textual variables.
Unique
| Unique | 0 ? |
|---|---|
| Unique (%) | 0.0% |
Sample
| 1st row | Pre-COVID |
|---|---|
| 2nd row | Pre-COVID |
| 3rd row | Pre-COVID |
| 4th row | Pre-COVID |
| 5th row | Pre-COVID |
Common Values
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| Pre-COVID | 1791 | |
| Post-COVID | 244 | 12.0% |
Length
Histogram of lengths of the category
Pie chart
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| pre-covid | 1791 | |
| post-covid | 244 | 12.0% |
Most occurring characters
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| P | 2035 | |
| - | 2035 | |
| C | 2035 | |
| O | 2035 | |
| V | 2035 | |
| I | 2035 | |
| D | 2035 | |
| r | 1791 | |
| e | 1791 | |
| o | 244 | 1.3% |
| Other values (2) | 488 | 2.6% |
Most occurring categories
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| Uppercase Letter | 12210 | |
| Lowercase Letter | 4314 | 23.2% |
| Dash Punctuation | 2035 | 11.0% |
Most frequent character per category
Uppercase Letter
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| P | 2035 | |
| C | 2035 | |
| O | 2035 | |
| V | 2035 | |
| I | 2035 | |
| D | 2035 |
Lowercase Letter
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| r | 1791 | |
| e | 1791 | |
| o | 244 | 5.7% |
| s | 244 | 5.7% |
| t | 244 | 5.7% |
Dash Punctuation
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| - | 2035 |
Most occurring scripts
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| Latin | 16524 | |
| Common | 2035 | 11.0% |
Most frequent character per script
Latin
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| P | 2035 | |
| C | 2035 | |
| O | 2035 | |
| V | 2035 | |
| I | 2035 | |
| D | 2035 | |
| r | 1791 | |
| e | 1791 | |
| o | 244 | 1.5% |
| s | 244 | 1.5% |
Common
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| - | 2035 |
Most occurring blocks
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| ASCII | 18559 |
Most frequent character per block
ASCII
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| P | 2035 | |
| - | 2035 | |
| C | 2035 | |
| O | 2035 | |
| V | 2035 | |
| I | 2035 | |
| D | 2035 | |
| r | 1791 | |
| e | 1791 | |
| o | 244 | 1.3% |
| Other values (2) | 488 | 2.6% |
Pearson's r
The Pearson's correlation coefficient (r) is a measure of linear correlation between two variables. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative linear correlation, 0 indicating no linear correlation and 1 indicating total positive linear correlation. Furthermore, r is invariant under separate changes in location and scale of the two variables, implying that for a linear function the angle to the x-axis does not affect r.To calculate r for two variables X and Y, one divides the covariance of X and Y by the product of their standard deviations.
Spearman's ρ
The Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (ρ) is a measure of monotonic correlation between two variables, and is therefore better in catching nonlinear monotonic correlations than Pearson's r. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative monotonic correlation, 0 indicating no monotonic correlation and 1 indicating total positive monotonic correlation.To calculate ρ for two variables X and Y, one divides the covariance of the rank variables of X and Y by the product of their standard deviations.
Kendall's τ
Similarly to Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, the Kendall rank correlation coefficient (τ) measures ordinal association between two variables. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative correlation, 0 indicating no correlation and 1 indicating total positive correlation.To calculate τ for two variables X and Y, one determines the number of concordant and discordant pairs of observations. τ is given by the number of concordant pairs minus the discordant pairs divided by the total number of pairs.
Phik (φk)
Phik (φk) is a new and practical correlation coefficient that works consistently between categorical, ordinal and interval variables, captures non-linear dependency and reverts to the Pearson correlation coefficient in case of a bivariate normal input distribution. There is extensive documentation available here.Cramér's V (φc)
Cramér's V is an association measure for nominal random variables. The coefficient ranges from 0 to 1, with 0 indicating independence and 1 indicating perfect association. The empirical estimators used for Cramér's V have been proved to be biased, even for large samples. We use a bias-corrected measure that has been proposed by Bergsma in 2013 that can be found here. A simple visualization of nullity by column.
Nullity matrix is a data-dense display which lets you quickly visually pick out patterns in data completion.
The correlation heatmap measures nullity correlation: how strongly the presence or absence of one variable affects the presence of another.
The dendrogram allows you to more fully correlate variable completion, revealing trends deeper than the pairwise ones visible in the correlation heatmap.
First rows
| df_index | Country name | Regional indicator | Year | Ladder score | Log GDP per capita | Healthy life expectancy | Social support | Freedom to make life choices | Generosity | Perceptions of corruption | COVID time | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 0 | Afghanistan | South Asia | 2008 | 3.724 | 7.370 | 50.800 | 0.451 | 0.718 | 0.168 | 0.882 | Pre-COVID |
| 1 | 11 | Afghanistan | South Asia | 2019 | 2.375 | 7.697 | 52.400 | 0.420 | 0.394 | -0.108 | 0.924 | Pre-COVID |
| 2 | 10 | Afghanistan | South Asia | 2018 | 2.694 | 7.692 | 52.600 | 0.508 | 0.374 | -0.094 | 0.928 | Pre-COVID |
| 3 | 9 | Afghanistan | South Asia | 2017 | 2.662 | 7.697 | 52.800 | 0.491 | 0.427 | -0.121 | 0.954 | Pre-COVID |
| 4 | 8 | Afghanistan | South Asia | 2016 | 4.220 | 7.697 | 53.000 | 0.559 | 0.523 | 0.042 | 0.793 | Pre-COVID |
| 5 | 7 | Afghanistan | South Asia | 2015 | 3.983 | 7.702 | 53.200 | 0.529 | 0.389 | 0.080 | 0.881 | Pre-COVID |
| 6 | 2034 | Afghanistan | South Asia | 2021 | 2.523 | 7.695 | 52.493 | 0.463 | 0.382 | -0.102 | 0.924 | Post-COVID |
| 7 | 5 | Afghanistan | South Asia | 2013 | 3.572 | 7.725 | 52.560 | 0.484 | 0.578 | 0.061 | 0.823 | Pre-COVID |
| 8 | 4 | Afghanistan | South Asia | 2012 | 3.783 | 7.705 | 52.240 | 0.521 | 0.531 | 0.236 | 0.776 | Pre-COVID |
| 9 | 3 | Afghanistan | South Asia | 2011 | 3.832 | 7.620 | 51.920 | 0.521 | 0.496 | 0.162 | 0.731 | Pre-COVID |
Last rows
| df_index | Country name | Regional indicator | Year | Ladder score | Log GDP per capita | Healthy life expectancy | Social support | Freedom to make life choices | Generosity | Perceptions of corruption | COVID time | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2025 | 1878 | Zimbabwe | Sub-Saharan Africa | 2013 | 4.690 | 7.985 | 50.960 | 0.799 | 0.576 | -0.104 | 0.831 | Pre-COVID |
| 2026 | 1872 | Zimbabwe | Sub-Saharan Africa | 2007 | 3.280 | 7.666 | 42.860 | 0.828 | 0.456 | -0.082 | 0.946 | Pre-COVID |
| 2027 | 1876 | Zimbabwe | Sub-Saharan Africa | 2011 | 4.846 | 7.846 | 48.120 | 0.865 | 0.633 | -0.088 | 0.830 | Pre-COVID |
| 2028 | 1875 | Zimbabwe | Sub-Saharan Africa | 2010 | 4.682 | 7.729 | 46.700 | 0.857 | 0.665 | -0.093 | 0.828 | Pre-COVID |
| 2029 | 1874 | Zimbabwe | Sub-Saharan Africa | 2009 | 4.056 | 7.563 | 45.420 | 0.806 | 0.411 | -0.078 | 0.931 | Pre-COVID |
| 2030 | 1873 | Zimbabwe | Sub-Saharan Africa | 2008 | 3.174 | 7.461 | 44.140 | 0.843 | 0.344 | -0.090 | 0.964 | Pre-COVID |
| 2031 | 1871 | Zimbabwe | Sub-Saharan Africa | 2006 | 3.826 | 7.711 | 41.580 | 0.822 | 0.431 | -0.076 | 0.905 | Pre-COVID |
| 2032 | 2033 | Zimbabwe | Sub-Saharan Africa | 2021 | 3.145 | 7.943 | 56.201 | 0.750 | 0.677 | -0.047 | 0.821 | Post-COVID |
| 2033 | 1877 | Zimbabwe | Sub-Saharan Africa | 2012 | 4.955 | 7.983 | 49.540 | 0.896 | 0.470 | -0.103 | 0.859 | Pre-COVID |
| 2034 | 1885 | Zimbabwe | Sub-Saharan Africa | 2020 | 3.160 | 7.829 | 56.800 | 0.717 | 0.643 | -0.009 | 0.789 | Post-COVID |